[English Note] 【端午粽香】——各种碎碎念

【端午粽香】——各种碎碎念（二） 屈原与《离骚》 《离骚》是战国时期的诗歌，大部分由楚国屈原（公元前340-278）创作。作为楚辞的代表作，《离骚》是先秦时期最著名的诗歌之一。 Li Sao is a Chinese poem dating from the Warring States Period, largely written by Qu Yuan (340 BC - 278 BC) of the Kingdom of Chu. One of the most famous poems of pre-Qin China, it is a representative work of the Chu Ci form of poetry. “离骚”这个题目的意义在历史上颇有争议。司马迁将其翻译为“离别之悲痛”意指屈原被流放；班固将其译为“遭遇忧患”。尽管新进学者们认为“离骚”只是“劳商”的另一种写法，而“劳商”即楚国歌曲的总称，人们还是多以司马迁的译法为准。英语中“离骚”一般被翻译为“悲歌”或“遭遇忧患”。 The title's meaning has been debated about even in historical times. Sima Qian interprets the title as "Woes of Departure" i.e. Qu Yuan's exile, while Ban Gu interprets it as "Encountering Trouble". Sima Qian's interpretation is the more adopted one, though recent scholars also theorise that Li Sao is simply a different way of writing Lao Shang; the latter is a generic name for a Chu song. In English the title is often translated as either The Lament or Encountering Trouble. 《离骚》共有372行，2400余字，是中国古代以来最长的诗歌之一。虽然《离骚》的具体创作时间未知，但可以确定它是在屈原被楚怀王流放之后的作品。 The poem has a total of 372 lines and about 2400 characters, which makes it one of the longest poems dating from Ancient China. While the precise date of composition is unknown it is one of Qu Yuan's later works, written after his exile by King Huai I of Chu. 作为楚辞的代表作，《离骚》中有大量源自楚国文化的比喻，包括占卜、显灵等萨满教元素，以及历史和神话传说中的人物形象。因此，这首诗开创了中国诗歌的浪漫主义先河。 As a representative work of Chu poetry it makes use of a wide range of metaphors derived from the culture of Chu, including shamanistic elements such as divination and the presence of spirits, as well as references in ancient history and legendary figures. Because of these influences the poem is seen as an initiator of a Romantic tradition of poetry in China. 【某只小狮子的傲娇受徒弟宁子】

【端午粽香】——各种碎碎念（三） 端午节起源的传说 Legend of the Dragon Boat Festival's Origin The Dragon Boat Festival, also called Double Fifth Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth moon of the lunar calendar. It is one of the most important Chinese festivals, the other two being the Autumn Moon Festival and Chinese New Year. 端午节，又称为五五节，因为端午节是在农历的五月五日，是三个重要的中国节庆之一，其它两个分别是中秋节和农历新年。 The origin of this summer festival centers around a scholarly government official named Chu Yuan. He was a good and respected man, but because of the misdeeds of jealous rivals he eventually fell into disfavor in the emperor's court. 这个节日的由来是古代中国有一位博学多闻的官吏屈原，他是一位爱民而且又受到尊崇的官吏，但是由于一位充满嫉妒的官吏陷害，从此在朝廷中被皇帝所冷落。由于无法获得皇帝的重视，屈原在忧郁的情况下投汨罗江自尽。 Unable to regain the respect of the emperor, in his sorrow Chu Yuan threw himself into the Mi Low river. Because of their admiration for Chu Yuan, the local people living adjacent to the Mi Lo River rushed into their boats to search for him while throwing rice into the waters to appease the river dragons. Although they were unable to find Chu Yuan, their efforts are still commemorated today during the Dragon Boat Festival. 由于对屈原的爱戴，汨罗江畔的居民匆忙的划船在江内寻找屈原，并且将米丢入汨罗江中，以平息汨罗江中的蛟龙。即使他们当时并没有找到屈原，但是他们的行为，直到今天在端午节的时候，仍然被人们传颂纪念着。 【某只小狮子的傲娇受徒弟宁子】

【端午粽香】——各种碎碎念（四） 现代端午节（The Modern Dragon Boat Festival) Starting from that time to this day, people commemorate Qu Yuan through Dragon Boat Races, eating zong zi, and several other activities, on the anniversary of his death: the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. 从那个时候开始的这一天，人们为了纪念屈原通过赛龙舟，吃粽子，和其他一些活动，以纪念他的去世：农历五月份的正月初五。 Dragon Boat races are the most exciting part of the festival, drawing crowds of spectators. Dragon Boats are generally brightly painted and decorated canoes. Ranging anywhere from 40 to 100 feet in length, their heads are shaped like open-mouthed dragons, while the sterns end with a scaly tail. Depending on the length, up to 80 rowers can power the boat. A drummer and flag-catcher stand at the front of the boat. Before a dragon boat enters competition, it must be "brought to life" by painting the eyes in a sacred ceremony. Races can have any number of boats competing, with the winner being the first team to grab a flag at the end of the course. Annual races take place all over China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and other overseas Chinese communities. 龙舟竞渡是最激动人心的节目，吸引大批观众。龙舟一般是一条明亮的装饰画和独木舟。在任何地方，从40到100英尺长，他们的元首，形状像开放口龙，而船尾尾部有鳞片。根据不同的长度，高达80的运动员可以发电船。鼓手和旗帜捕手站在船的前面。进入前龙舟比赛，它必须是“带来的生命”的画的眼睛在一个神圣的仪式。种族可以有任何船只数目竞争，获胜者将与第一支获得国旗在课程结束。每年举行的比赛都在中国，香港，澳门，台湾，和其他海外华人社区。 Zong Zi 粽子 The traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival, Zong zi is a glutinous rice ball, with a filling, wrapped in corn leaves. The fillings can be egg, beans, dates, fruits, sweet potato, walnuts, mushrooms, meat, or a combination of them. They are generally steamed. 是端午节的传统食品，粽子是糯米球，以填补，玉米叶包裹。馅料可以是鸡蛋，豆类，水果，日期，红薯，核桃，蘑菇，肉，或它们的组合。他们普遍蒸的方式烹制。 Talisman and Charms 符咒 Another aspect of the Double Fifth Day is the timing: at the beginning of summer, when diseases are likely to strike, people also wear talisman to fend off evil spirits. They may hang the picture of Zhong Kui, guardian against evil spirits, on the door of their homes, as well. Adults may drink Xiong Huang Wine, and children carry fragrant silk pouches, all of which can prevent evil. It is said that if you can balance a raw egg on its end at exactly noon on Double Fifth Day, the rest of the year will be lucky. 另一个方面的五月五号的这个是时间：在夏季开始时，当疾病有可能罢工，人们还穿着护身符来抵挡邪恶的精神。他们可能会悬挂钟馗的画像在他们的大门上，希望能够以此来抵挡邪气。成人可以喝雄黄酒，儿童携带香丝袋，所有这一切都可以防止邪恶。传说在端午节当天正午，如能把生鸡蛋立起来，会给下半年带来好运。 【某只小狮子的傲娇受徒弟宁子】

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