常见介词in,on,at等究竟该怎么用? 1、 表示时间的 at, in, on: at表示片刻的时间,如:at 8 o'clock,at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。 in 表示一段的时间,如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。 on 总是跟日子有关,如:on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。 2、表示时间的 since 和 from: since 表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用:from 表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。 如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995. 3、表示时间的 in 和 after: 两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示“在(一段时间)之后” ,而 after 则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后),in 短语和将来时态连用,after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。 如:We'll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation? After two months he returned. 注意:after 有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里) 4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to: in 表示在某范围内,on 指与什么毗邻,to 指在某环境范围之外。 如:Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China. 5、表示“在……上”的 on 和 in: on 只表示在某物的表面上,而用 in 表示占去某物一部分,表示……上 如:There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall. 6、表示“穿过……”的 through 和 across: through 表示从内部通过,与 in 有关;across 表示“穿过……”,表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过,与 on 有关。 如:Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street. 7、表示“关于”的 about 和 on: 两者都有“关于”的意思,不过前者为一般用词,而后者表示“关于” ,为较正式的 “论述” 如:He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science。 8、between, among: 一般说来,between 表示两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间。 如:You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates. 9、besides, except, but, except for: besides 指除了……还有。如:All went out besides me except 指“除了,减去什么” ,不能放在句首。如:All went out except me. but 与 except 意思近似,表示“除了……外”经常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything 等和其他疑 问词后面。 如:I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.; except for 表示“如无……就, 只是”表明理由细节。 如:His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 10、表示“用”的 in 和 with: 表示工具的“用” 用 with,而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的 “用” 用 in。 如:He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English. |